Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
Points of comparison 
 | 
  
Eukaryotes 
 | 
  
Prokaryotes 
 | 
 
Organelles 
 | 
  
True celled organisms, has mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, etc... 
 | 
  
Has less organelles 
 | 
 
Genetic material 
 | 
  
Contained inside the cell's nucleus associated with histone proteins forming chromatin 
 | 
  
Floating in the cytoplasm, has small circular DNA molecules spread in the cytoplasm called Plasmids - has no associated proteins 
 | 
 
Nucleus 
 | 
  
Present 
 | 
  
Absent 
 | 
 
Cell size 
 | 
  
Large, average size between 
10-100micrometers 
 | 
  
Small, average size between 
0.1- 5micrometers 
 | 
 
Cytoplasm 
 | 
  
Cytoskeleton exists exists, performs endocytosis and exocytosis 
 | 
  
No cytoskeleton, cannot perform endocytosis and exocytosis 
 | 
 
Cell division 
 | 
  
By mitosis 
 | 
  
By binary fission 
 | 
 
Sexual reproduction 
 | 
  
Involves meiosis 
 | 
  
Asexually, transfer of DNA fragments only 
 | 
 
Membrane-enclosed organelles 
 | 
  
Exists 
 | 
  
Doesn't exist 
 | 
 
Ribosomes 
 | 
  
Larger size 80S, smaller size 70S in organelles 
 | 
  
Smaller size 70S 
 | 
 
Organisms are 
 | 
  
Often multicellular 
 | 
  
Always unicellular 
 | 
 
Glycocalyx 
 | 
  
Present in some cells that lack cell wall 
 | 
  
Present as a capsule or slime layer 
 | 
 
Motor organ 
 | 
  
The motor organ is cilia 
 | 
  
The motor organ is flagellum 
 | 
 
Respiratory enzymes 
 | 
  
Are found in the cytoplasmic membrane 
 | 
  
Respiratory enzymes are found in the inner membrane of mitochondria 
 | 
 
Nitrogen fixation 
 | 
  
Cannot, only through endosymbiotic relation with a nitrogen-fixing prokaryote e.g., Rhizobium sp., Azospirillum sp. 
 | 
  
Some bacteria possess the ability to fix nitrogen via the nitrogenase enzyme 
 | 
 
Diagram 
 | 
  ||
Example 
 | 
  
Our cells (animal cells), fungi, plants, protists and algae 
 | 
  
Bacteria and Archaea 
 | 
 
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Latest topic - http://allaboutbiologyworld.blogspot.com/2017/06/our-cell-1-structure-function-division.html
Thanks a lot
Latest topic - http://allaboutbiologyworld.blogspot.com/2017/06/our-cell-1-structure-function-division.html
Thanks a lot



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