Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
Points of comparison
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Eukaryotes
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Prokaryotes
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Organelles
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True celled organisms, has mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles, endoplasmic reticulum, etc...
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Has less organelles
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Genetic material
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Contained inside the cell's nucleus associated with histone proteins forming chromatin
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Floating in the cytoplasm, has small circular DNA molecules spread in the cytoplasm called Plasmids - has no associated proteins
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Nucleus
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Present
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Absent
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Cell size
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Large, average size between
10-100micrometers
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Small, average size between
0.1- 5micrometers
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Cytoplasm
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Cytoskeleton exists exists, performs endocytosis and exocytosis
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No cytoskeleton, cannot perform endocytosis and exocytosis
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Cell division
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By mitosis
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By binary fission
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Sexual reproduction
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Involves meiosis
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Asexually, transfer of DNA fragments only
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Membrane-enclosed organelles
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Exists
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Doesn't exist
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Ribosomes
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Larger size 80S, smaller size 70S in organelles
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Smaller size 70S
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Organisms are
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Often multicellular
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Always unicellular
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Glycocalyx
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Present in some cells that lack cell wall
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Present as a capsule or slime layer
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Motor organ
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The motor organ is cilia
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The motor organ is flagellum
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Respiratory enzymes
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Are found in the cytoplasmic membrane
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Respiratory enzymes are found in the inner membrane of mitochondria
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Nitrogen fixation
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Cannot, only through endosymbiotic relation with a nitrogen-fixing prokaryote e.g., Rhizobium sp., Azospirillum sp.
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Some bacteria possess the ability to fix nitrogen via the nitrogenase enzyme
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Diagram
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Example
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Our cells (animal cells), fungi, plants, protists and algae
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Bacteria and Archaea
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Latest topic - http://allaboutbiologyworld.blogspot.com/2017/06/our-cell-1-structure-function-division.html
Thanks a lot
Latest topic - http://allaboutbiologyworld.blogspot.com/2017/06/our-cell-1-structure-function-division.html
Thanks a lot
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