Cell division - Mitosis & Meiosis comparison

Mitosis Vs. Meiosis

Points of comparison	Mitosis	Meiosis
Stages	Lasts in 4 stages	Lasts in 8 stages
Separation of chromosomes	Identical chromatids separate as independent chromosomes	Homologous chromosomes ( each with 2 chromatids ) separate
Pairing of chromosomes	No pairing occurs	Pairing occurs to form tetrads
Number of the resulting cells	2 diploid cells (2n each)	4 haploid gametes ( n each)
Occurs in	Somatic cells	Gonads
Crossing over	Does not occur	Occurs
Chiasmata	Does not occur	Observed during Prophase l and Metaphase l
Prophase
Resulting genetic characters	Identical in each cell & as the mother cell	Each gamete has different characters due to crossing over which allows for genetic variation
Karyokinesis	Occur in Interphase	Occur in Interphase l
Cytokinesis	Occur in Telophase	Occur in Telophase l and in Telophase ll
Phases happen	Once	Twice
Prophase	It usually takes a couple of hours, and therefore it is simple	It takes longer time comparing to the one in mitosis up to a day, and therefore it is complicated
Synapsis	Does not occur	Happens in homologous chromosomes during Prophase
Chromosomal arrangement during metaphase	Chromosomes arrange in one row and centromere divides	Chromosomes arrange in 2 rows & centromere does not divide ( Meiosis  I )
Location of occurrence	In plants: growing tips ( apical meristems in shoots and roots) & cambium layer ( meristematic cells) which give rise to xylem and phloem tissues In animals: all cells except nerve cells	In plants: anthers & ovaries of flowers In animals: testis & ovaries.
Considered to be	A building method of the human body especially in the phases of early development (during Zygote stage - Mitosis is so active then it continues to be active after delivery until it becomes regular) replenishing method for worn out tissues or regeneration of new layers such as your skin epidermal layer. It is also considered as a reproduction method for some organisms ''Asexual reproduction''	Aims for the reduction of the chromosomal number and genetic variation of organisms - it is carried out by higher advanced organisms in life ''Sexual reproduction''
Discovered by	Walther Flemming	Oscar Hertwig ( described by him for the first time) then by Edouard Van Beneden ( described it for the second time)
Diagram

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